THE “ZERO-DEGREE” FLEET: WHY AN ICE-CLASS REPLENISHMENT OILER (ICRO) IS INEVITABLE FOR INDIA’S ARCTIC STRATEGY

Indian Naval Despatch: Volume 6. No. 3 | by Phayetmi Mungrei

Published Date: August 2026 | 20 min read | 11 Views

“Dependence on other countries is our biggest enemy. And together we must defeat this enemy of India, this enemy of dependence. For peace, stability and prosperity in the world, the country with the world's largest population must become self-reliant.” -Prime Minister Narendra Modi, ‘Samudra Se Samriddhi’ program (2025)1 Abstract: The Arctic is shifting from a remote frontier into a central arena of global competitio…

etween Asia and Europe by up to 40%. For India, whose traditional maritime identity has been fastened in the Indian Ocean, this transformation represents an extension of its strategic geography. While India’s Arctic Policy (2022) sets clear objectives for scientific research and resource security, these ambitions are c

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